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No. 522,423. Patented July 3, 1894.

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MAGHINB FOR APPLYING BINDING STRIPS T0 BOOKS. No. 522,423.

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J. I. KNIGHT. MACHINE FOR APPLYING BINDING STRIPS TO BOOKS.

No.. 522,423. Patentd July 3, 1894.

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Patented July 3, 1894.

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MACHINE FOR APPLYING BINDING STRIPS T0 BOOKS. No. 522,423. Patented July '8, 1894.

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No. 522,423. Patented July 3, 1894.

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,No. 52'2;423. Patented July 3, 1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH I. KNIGHT, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK r I MACHINE FOR APPLYING BINDING-STRIPS To BOOKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 522,423, dated Ju1y 3, 18 94. Application filed J l 30, 1891. Renewed August 1, 1892 Serial No. 441,845- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH I. KNIGHT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Applying Binding- Strips to Books, fully described and'represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to a machine by which a number of leaves or sheets of paper either piled flat one upon another or folded into signatures and whether loose or stitched or otherwise secured together, are vprovided with a binding strip, either of cloth or paper,

applied to their back or binding edge.

The machine embodying the invention is more especially designed for the manufacture of sketching and writing tablets or pads, but it may be employed in the manufacture of a great variety of books. as well as such tablets or pads. The collection of sheets which is operated upon will therefore be herein termed, for convenience, a book, and this term is to be understood as including pads and tablets as well as books proper.

In orderto aid in a more easy understanding of the detailed description of the invention which will be hereinafter given, a brief description of the organization and operation of the machine will be first given.

The binding strip of paper or cloth is led I from a roll and is subjected to the operation of a pasting mechanism by which it is coated upon one side with a suitable paste or glue. After being thus prepared it is led forward over a table, upon which it is supported with the side which has received the paste uppermost. The books which are to receive the binding strip are placed by an attendant upon a rack, which at proper intervals is vibrated so as to deposit the books, which are placed u-pon it one at a time, upon the binding strip in such position that they stand vertically with their lower edges resting on the strip. After, being thus placed upon the strip the successive books are advanced into the control of a series of vertical feeding rolls by plished bymeans of its adhesion to the books 7 which are acted upon by the feeding rolls and each successive book is advanced into the control ofthe feeding rolls by meansof the strip, which in turn is advanced by means of the preceding book or books which are being acted upon by the feeding rolls. While the strip carrying the book is being advanced, its laterally projecting edges are acted upon by folding guides which turn upward the edges against the sides of the book, and the edges of the strip thus turned upward are pressed against the sides of the book and caused to adhere thereto by means'ofsu'itable pressing rolls. The mechanism is so timed that the rack by which the books are introduced into the machine is vibrated to deposit the books so that they will follow each other in close succession, the advance end of one book being in close proximity to the rear end of the preceding one upon the strip.

In order to capacitate the machine to operate upon books of different lengths the mech- V anism for vibrating the rack to deposit the books, upon the strip is controlled bya tripping mechanism which is operated by the successive books placed upon the strip in such manner that the rack will not be vibrated to deposit a second book upon the strip until the rear end of the first one has been advanced to a point beyond the forward end of the next one to be deposited. By this means, as will readily be seen, books of varying lengths can be operated u ponand be deposited upon the strip in proper order so as not to'interfere with each other. The successive books receiving the binding strip are connected together by -said strip and it is therefore necessary to provide mechanism for severing the strip between each two books so as to disconnect them. This is accomplished by a pair of reciprocating knives which are operated at proper intervals for this-purpose, the

knives being controlled in their operation by a tripping mechanism which is operated by the books in such manner that the knives are brought into action only when the strip and the books attached thereto have arrived in proper position. By this means the operation of the knives is made to conform to the lengths of the books upon the strip. 7

It isof course necessary that the feeding of the strip and the books should be tempo- I y V i m rarily interrupted during the severing operation and for this purpose the tripping mechanism which operates the severing knives is also arranged to arrest the feeding rolls during the severing operation and put said rolls in operation again after the severing operation is completed.

' The details in the construction, organiza tion and operation of the mechanism thus briefly outlined will now be given, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of one end of.

the machine, showing particularly the pasting mechanism. Fig. 2 is a similar view partly in section of the other end of the machine. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the portion of the machine shown in Fig. 2. Fig.4 is an enlarged inverted plan View of a portion of the machine, showius. particularly the mechanism for operating the feeding rolls and the mechanism for vibrating the rack to deposit the books upon the strip. Fig. 5 is a similar view of another part of the machine, showing particularly the mechanism for operating the severing blades and putting the feeding rolls into and out of operation. Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on the line 6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken on the line 7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken on the line 8 of Fig. 4. Fig.9 is a horizontal section taken on the line 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is an enlarged inside view of the tripping finger which controls the vibration of the rack for introducing the book into the machine. Fig. 11 isa plan view of the same partly in section. Fig. 12 is an enlarged vertical cross section taken on the line 12 of Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail view showing the mechanism for vibrating the book rack. Fig. 14 is a section taken on the line 14: of Fig. 2. Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 4. Fig. 16 is a section taken on the line 16 of Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is an enlarged side elevation of the pasting mechanism looking from the side opposite that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 18is an end elevation of the same looking from the right of Fig. 17. Fig. 19 is a vertical section of one of the paste vats. Fig. 20 is a vertical section taken on the line 20 of Fig. 5. Fig. 21 is a horizontal section taken on the line 21 of Fig. 20,1ooking upward. Fig. 22 is a si1nilar view showing the same parts in a different position. Fig. 23 is a section taken on the line 23 of Fig. 5. Fig. 24 is a section taken on the line 24 of Fig. 20. Fig. 25 is a section taken on the line 25 of Fig. 9. Fig. 26 is a section taken on the line 26 of Fig. 20. Fig. 27 is a section taken on the line 27 of Fig. 9. Fig. 28 is a perspective view of a book with a binding strip applied by the machine herein shown. Figs. 29 to 32 are detail views which will be hereinafter referred to.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 1, 17, 18 and 19, the mechanism for applying adhesive material to the binding strip will be described. While I prefer to use some preparation of glue, the term pasting hasbeen commonly applied to mechanism of this class, and I shall use the term paste herein to cover any adhesive material suitable to secure the binding strips, it being understood that the apparatus is especially for use with glue, although the novel features are of value in connection with other adhesive materials.

The strip A of a suitable width, which will be determined by the thickness of the books to which it is to be applied, is led from a roll B. After passing over a guide roll 0 it passes for a distancein contact withapasting roll D, thence around a second guide roll E, after which it is led around guide rolls F, G and thence forward above the table II with its pasted side uppermost. In passing the roll 0 the strip is subjected to the action of a spring presser finger a, by which it is pressed against the roll so as to put it under the proper degree of tension. The paste is supplied from a fountain roll I which runs in frictional contact with the roll D and dips in a fountain K. The fountain K is supplied with paste from a similar fountain L, the two being connected by a pipe I) which is controlled by a valve 0 operated by a float d which rides upon the surface of the paste in the fountain K in such manner as to allow the paste to rise in the fountain K to only the proper height with relation to the roll I.

Both of the fountains K, L are steam-jacketed, as indicated in Fig. 19, and communicate with pipes f through which steam is admitted to the jackets to keep the paste in the proper condition. The jackets, therefore, will be filled with water from the condensed steam and an overflow is provided so that a constant circulation is maintained, the water being kept hot by the steam. It is important that the paste shall be kept at a uniform temperatu re, and to prevent it cooling while passing through the pipe I), the latter is jacketed also by a sleeve 1), surrounding the pipe and communicating with the steam jackets of fountains K, L, as shown in Figs. 1 and 18.

The fountain roll I is preferably formed as shown in Fig. 31, its sides being curved inward from the periphery to form recesses '0, and the hub being enlarged to form collars to. By this construction the use of a doctor or scraper is avoided, as the surplus glue runs down over the edge of the roll into the recesses 12 and thence back into the fountain, the collars to preventing its reaching the bearings of the roll.

The necessary rotary movement is imparted to the rolls D, I by the friction of the binding strip A passing over the roll D, from which motion is communicated to the roll I by the frictional contact of the two rolls and by frictional contact with a pair of pulleys g mounted upon the shafts of the respective rolls, so that whenever the feed of the strip ceases because of the stoppage of the machine, or otherwise, the rolls D, I remain at rest. It is important that when the machine is in use these rolls should not be allowed to remain at rest for any considerable length of time because that would permit the paste to dry uponthe rolls and thus interfere with the proper application of. the paste when the rolls were again started and also cause the strip to adhere to the roll D. To obviate this the pasting mechanism is provided with means by which whenever the machine is temporarily stopped the strip may be removed out of contact with the roll D and the .rolls D, I' continued in motion, thereby continually receiving a fresh supply of warm paste, which will be prevented from hardening upon their surfaces. For this purpose the pasting apparatus is provided with a short shaft, h which is driven by a belt '5 which connects with, any suitable source of power and is provided with a friction pulley k which is in position to be engaged by a similar pulley Z mounted upon a crank formed upon the end of the shaft on of the roll E. When the pulley Z engages with the pulley is it also engages with the pulley 9 upon the shaft of theroll D. The shaft m is mounted to oscillate in suitable bearings 0 and carries a pair of arms 19 which are connected to a frame q in which is mounted the roll 0 and the friction device a. The frame qis provided at its lower endwith a cross bar 1' the ends of which rest against standards 19 and retain the frame in such position as to maintain the proper relation between the rolls 0, D. The shaft m is also provided with a weighted arm n which when in its normal position maintains the pulley Z out of engagement with the pulleys k, g and the roll 0 in position to direct the binding strip against the periphery of the roll D as-shown by full lines in Figs. 1 and 17.

' When, however, it is desired to cause the rolls D, I, to continue their movement when the machine is stopped, the weighted armn is swung over to the opposite'side of its shaft, thereby swinging the pulley Z into frictional contact with the pulleys k, g so as to continue the rolls D, I in motion and at the same time swinging the roll 0 away from the roll Dso as to carry the strip out of contact with the roll D as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 17.

For the purpose of adjusting the amount of paste applied to the strip, so as to secure the best operation of the machine, Ivprovide means for adjusting the distance between the axes of the paste and fountain rolls, so that the amount of paste may be varied as desired,

' closer contact of the surfaces giving a thinner coating of paste to the paste roll and vice versa. Either roll may be adjusted for this purpose, and any suitable adjusting means used. I have shown a simple construction, in which the paste roll D is mounted inmovable bearings 25 which are slotted and secured to the arms .9 by bolts passing through the slots, accurate adjustment being made by set The strip A after having beencoated upon one side with paste, as has been explained, is led forward above the table H with its pasted side uppermost until its forward end is at or near the first pair of vertical feeding rolls 50. Located above the table H and just in the rear of the rolls 50 is the vibrating rack M (see Figs. 2, 3, 12 and 14) upon which the books N are placed in an inclined position, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 12, and by which they are transferred at the proper times to the vertical position indicated by full lines in said figure with their lower edges resting upon the strip A. The books as they are placed upon the rack M are supported at their lower edges by means of stops 2 (see Figs. 3, 12 and 14) their forward ends abutting against a stop 3 (see Fig. 3) which determines the proper position of the forward end of each book as it is placed upon the strip to conform to the rear end of the preceding book. The stops 2 are secured to the lower side of the rackMso as to be capable of longitudinal movement thereon and each stop is provided upon its side with a stud 4 which enters the cam groove 5 in-a plate or bracket bolted tothe'frame, which groove is eccentric to the shaft upon which the rack vibrates so that when the rack is lowered to the inclined position shown in Figs. 12 and 14 the stops will protrude above the surface of the rack, as indicated, while, when the rack is raised to its vertical position to deposit the book upon the strip the studs 4. moving in the eccentric grooves 5 will draw the stops inward and the book will then be permitted to slide freely off the rack onto the strip.

The table H is provided upon the side of the strip opposite the rack M with a number of brackets 0 which serve to support the books in their vertical position as they are discharged from the rack. The brackets O IIO in the other,'the inner hook 4C9 extending slightly beyond and below the outer so as to seize the book in advance of the latter. A spring mpresses both hooks downward, the hook49 being first actuated by the spring in seizing the book, as it is raised above the outer hook 49. The books are preferably made vertically adjustable, as indicated in Fig. 12 so asto accommodate themselves to books of different widths. The table H is also provided with one or more adjustable curved guides 48 which are arranged to act upon the lower edges of the books to guide them accurately to the center of the strip as they are delivered by the rack.

The rack M is, as before stated, automatically operatedto deposit each book upon the strip with its forward end in proper relation to the rear end of the preceding book, and in order to permit the machine to operate upon books of varying lengths the movements of the rack are controlled by a tripping mechanism which is controlled by the last book deposited upon the strip in such manner that the next book will not be deposited until the rear end of the last book deposited has arrived at a certain position. For this purpose the shaft 51 upon which the rack M is supported, is provided with an arm 52 (see Fig. 13) which is connected by a rod 53 with the end of a lever 54 which is fulcrumed beneath the table 11 as indicated at 55 (see Figs. 4, 6 and 7) and is provided with a stud or bowl 47 which travels in the groove of a cam 56 mounted loosely upon a shaft 57 which is constantly driven through a sprocket wheel and chain 58, 59, (see Figs. 2, 4 and 5) from the main driving shaft 60 which receives mo tion through a pulley 61 from any suitable source of power. The shaft 57 is provided with a disk 62 (see Figs. 4 and 7) which is keyed fast to the shaft and is provided with flanges 46 which overlap the hub of a gear 63 which is loose upon the shaft 57. Interposed between the flanges 46 and the hub of the gear 63 are wear pieces 45 which are acted upon by set screws passing through the flanges so as to be pressed against the hub of the gear 63 with a determined amount of pressure, thereby causing the disk 62 to drive the gear 63 through an adjustable frictional connection. The gear 63 engages with agear 64 (see Fig. 4) mounted upon a countershaft 65 and having a second gear 66 which engages with a gear 67 secured to the side of the cam 56.

It will be seen that by reason of the connections which have been described a force is constantly exerted tending to drive the cam 56 and that this force is equal to the friction of the wear pieces 45 against the hub of the gear 63. The force thus applied to the cam 56 is suificient to drive said cam and cause it to rock the lever 54 and vibrate the book rack M when no extra resistance is offered to the movement of the cam. The groove of the cam 56 is so formed (see Fig. 6) as to vibrate the lever 54 and rack M four times at each revolution of the cam, and the cam is provided around its periphery with four studs 44 which are in position to be engaged by a springpressed hook 43. The resistance of the hook 43 is so graduated by means of its spring 42 that it is suiiicient to overcome the friction between the disk 62 and the gear 63 and thus arrest and hold the cam 56 until such time as extra force is applied to overcome the resistance of the hook. For the purpose of applying this extra power to the cam 56 to cause it to overcome the resistance of the hook 43 at the proper times to operate the rack M to de' posit the books upon the strip, there is located upon the table II a tripping lever 68 (see s. 6, S, 9, 10 and 11) which is fulcrumed at 69 with its rear end extending slightly to the rear of the stop 3. This tripping lever is so positioned that its rear end is just at one side of the lower edge of the books as they are advanced bythestrip after being deposited thereon. Pivoted upon the rear portion of the tripping lever 68 is a supplemental lever 41 having a head 40 which projects slightly beyond the end of the lever 68. Also pivoted upon the lever 68 at the side of the supplemental lever 41 is a tripping dog 39 one end of which engages with a shoulder 6 formed upon the lever 41 in such manner as to lock and hold the lever 41 with its head 40 projecting slightly beyond the inner side of the lever 68 and in position tobear against the lower edge of the book as it is advanced by the binding strip. The dog 39 is also pro vided with a head 7 which projects beyond the inner side of the lever 68 and with astud 8 which bears against the inner side of the lever 41. The dog 39 is acted upon by a spring 38 in such manner that it is normally held in position to lock the lever 41 and also to cause its own head 7 to project beyond the inner side of the lever 68. Betweenthe head 40 and the fulcrum 69 of the lever 68 the lever is connected to a stud 70 (see Figs. 4, 8, and 15) which passes through a slot in the table and is connected to the end of a lever 71 which is fulcrumed beneath the table as indicated at 72 and is acted upon by a spring 73 the tendency of which is to rock the lever 71 and through the stud 70 also rock the tripping lever 68 so as to press the head 40 of the supplemental lever 41 against the lower edges of the sides of the books as they pass forward upon the binding strip, the head 40 thus forming a pressr-foot engaging the sides of the book until the latter has passed it. As the result of this organization it will readily be seen that as each book passes forward upon the binding strip and as long as it is present opposite the head 40 of the supplemental lever 41, said lever being locked in position by the dog 39, it will prevent the lever 71 and through it the lever 68 from being moved inward by the pressure of the spring 73. As soon, however, as the rear end of a book passes the head 40 the pressure of the spring 73 will not be resisted by the lovers 41, 68 and as a consequence the spring will opcrate to rock the lever 71 and also rock the lever 68 inward slightly. As the rear end of the book passes the head 40 and the lever 68 is rocked inward the head 7 of the dog 39 will be pressed against the side of the book so as to rock the dog away from the shoulder 6 and through the stud 8 rock the lever 41 so as to carry its head 40 out of position to be engaged by the forward end of the next book which is advanced by the strip.

The lever 71 is provided at its end opposite to the connection with the stud 70 with a fork 37 (see Figs. 4,7 and 8) which is connected to a loose band which runs in a groove formed upon the movable member 74 of a IIO - thus lock the cam 56 to the shaft.

clutch,-the opposite member of which is formed upon or connected to the gear 67. The member 74 of the clutch is splined to the shaft 57 so'as to be capable of moving freely lengthwise of the shaft without turning loosely upon the shaft. The end of the lever 71 opposite the fork 37 is connected to a rod 75 (see Figs. 4, and 16) having a recess, into which enters the arm of a latch 36 which is pivoted upon the under side of the table H andengages with a stud 9 projecting from a,collar formed upon a bolt 76 which abuts against the lever 71 and is provided with a powerful spring 34 the tendency of which is to press said bolt 76 and rock the lever 71 so as-tO cause the two members of the clutch upon the shaft 57 to engage and The latch 36 is provided with a spring 33 the tendency .of which is to rock and hold the latch in such position as to cause it to engage with the stud 9,and hold the bolt 76 in position to prevent it from acting to rock the lever 71.

Fulcrumed upon a stud projecting down.- ward from the table 11 (see Figs. 4, 6 and 15) is a horizontal vibrating lever 77 the forward end of which enters a recess formed in the collar 35 of the bolt 76 in suchmanner that whenthe lever is rockedin one direction the collar and bolt will be moved away from the lever 71 so as to compress the spring 34 and permit the latch 36 to engage with the stud r 9 so as to hold the spring 34 in its compressed condition. The opposite end of the lever 77 is provided with an inclined cam surface 32' which is arranged tobe engaged by the studs 44 upon the periphery of the cam 56 in such manner as to rock the lever 77 and compress the spring 34, as before stated. The lever is acted upon by a spring 78 the tendency of which is to rock the lever in 'the opposite direction. The cam 56 is provided upon its face with four cam projections 81 (see Figs. 4, 6 and 7) corresponding in position to the studs 44 which are arranged, as the cam is revolved, to act upon the lateral projection 82 extending from the lever 71 in such manner as to rock the lever and unclutch the cam 56 from the shaft 57. Located also beneath 12 and themachine having been started the the table is a hand-lever 79 (see Figs. 4, 6, 8

and 29) which is fulcrumed as indicated at .80 and is provided at its inner end with a shoulder which is adapted to engage with a stud 31 projecting from the side of the stud in such manner as to hold said stud 70 and the lever 71permanently in position to prevent the clutching of the cam. 56- to the shaft 57.

The operation of the mechanism which has been described for controlling the movements of the rack M is as follows:-The binding strip A properly coated with paste will be advanced above the table -1 until its forward end is at or near the first pair of the vertical feeding rolls 50. A book N having been placed upon the rack as indicated by dotted lines in Fig.

lever 79 will be operated so as to permit the spring 73 to rock the lever 71. There being no book present to arrest the movement of the tripping lever 68 the spring 73 will at once rock the lever 71 as before described. As the lever 71is thus rocked the rod 75 will be moved and-will engage with the latch 36 so as to rock the same and release the stud 9. This will permit the spring 34 to' expand and force the bolt 76 against the lever 71 so as to rock said lever and carry the movable member 74 of the clutch into engagement with the fixed member carried by the gear 67, thereby clutching the cam 56 to the shaft 57. As soon as the cam is thus clutched to the shaft the stud 44 will be forced past the spring hook 43 and the cam will revolve with the shaft. As the cam revolves it will through the bowl 47 operate the lever 54 and through the connections which have been described vibrate the rack so as to deposit the book carried by the rack upon the strip as-indicated by full lines in Fig. 12, after which the rack will be vibrated back to its normal position. In makingthese movementsthe cam 56 will have made about a quarter of a revolution. As the cam nears the completion of its quarter revolution one of the studs 44 will engage with the incline 32 of the lever 77 and rock said lever so as to compress the spring 34 and withdraw the bolt 76 away'from the lever 71 and atthesame time one of the cam projections 81 upon the side of the cam 56 will engage with the lateral projection 82 of the lever 71 and rock said lever back to its normal position so as to unclutch the cam 56from the shaft 57 and at the same time through the rod 75 rock the latch 36 into position to engage the stud 9 and hold the bolt 76 away from the lever 71. As soon as this takes place the cam 56 will of course cease to be driven directly fromthe shaft 57 but the friction between the disk 62 and gear 63 will be sufficient, as before-explained, to continue themovement of the cam, until one of the studs 44 engages with the IIO spring hook 43, when the cam will be arrested.

it will be held by the book which has just been placed upon the strip so as to prevent the lever 71 from being rocked inward by the spring 73, so as to rock the latch 36 and release the spring 34. After the first book has been placed upon the strip in the manner just described it will by reason of the paste uponthe strip adhere thereto so that upon being advanced it will carry the strip with it and as a result advance any subse-- quent books placed upon the strip. It will be necessary, however, after the first book has been placed upon the strip to advance it by hand until its forward end is entered into the bite of the first pair of feeding rolls 50. Thls being done the rolls will advance the book and with it the strip and the subsequent books without further hand manipulation. As the book is advanced by the feeding rolls the head 40 of the supplemental levcr 41 which is pivoted upon the tripping lever 68 will bear against thelower edge of the book and prevent the tripping lever from beng swung inward and thus hold the lever 71 in its normal position, and this willcontinue until the rear end of the book has passed the head 40. From this it will be seen that the successive vibrations of the book rack are determined by the presence or absence of a book in front of the head 40 and that the rack will not be vibrated to'deposit a second book upon the strip until the rear end of the preceding book has passed said head 40. By this means the vibrations of the rack are timed to conform to the length of the books operated upon so that longer or shorter books can be operated upon at pleasure,the vibrations of the rack being caused to conform to the lengths of the books so as to de posit them in proper relation to each other upon the strip. As the rear end of the book passes the head 40 the lever 68 will yield to the tension of the spring 73 as before explained so as to permit the spring to rock the lever 71 and cause the clutching of the cam 56 to the shaft 57 as before described so as to operate the rack and deposit a second book, which in the meantime has been placed thereon, upon the strip; and so the operation will be repeated as the rear end of each book passes the head 40.

It will be seen from the construction and organization of the clutching and tripping mechanism which has been described that if at anytime it happens that no book is present upon the binding strip to hold the tripping lever 68 when the lever 71 is operated to unclutch the cam 56 from the shaft 57 the spring 73 will immediately act to trip the latch 36 and reclutch the cam to the shaft and vibratethe book rack, and this clutching and unclutching will take place in rapid succession, thereby vibrating the book rack rapidly to the injury of the machine as long as no book is present to arrest the trippinglever 68. If the attendant whose duty it is to place the books upon the rack is skillful and attentive, this contingency will not arise because the attendant will always have a book upon the rack to be deposited upon the strip at each vibration of the rack, but if through carelessness or tardiness on the part of the at tendant or through the failure of the rack to properly deposit the book so as to be in position to control the tripping lever 68 it should happen that no book was present to control the tripping lever at the time the unclutching of the cam 56 takes place, it is desirable to have the machine provided with means by which the violent operation of the book rack before referred to will be obviated. To accomplish this the shaft 57 in additionto the parts already specified is provided with a loose disk 83 which is frictionally connected to the shaft by means of a disk 84. which is fast upon the shaft and is provided with flanges 30 (see Fig. 4:) which overlap a portion of the disk 83 and are provided with friction pieces similar to the friction pieces 45 which bear upon the disk 83 with a degree of pressure which can readily be regulated by means of set screws, as shown. The disk 53 is also connected to the hub of the cam 56 by means of apin 29 (see Figs. 6 and 7) which enters a slot 28 formed in said hub and so arranged that when the cam 56 is clutched tothe shaft 57 the cam will revolve a distance equal to the length of the slot 28 before communicating its motion to the disk 83. The disk 83 is provided around its edge with four recesses 27 (see Figs. 4 and 6) arranged at equal distances from each other and in a certain relation to the cam 56. Pivoted upon a bracket beneath the table II is a lever 85 the rear end of which extends above the disk 83 and is provided with a lug 26 of suitable form to enter one of the recesses 27 when it is permitted to do so. The forward end of the lever 85 terminates beneath avertically-sliding block 86 (see Figs. 6 and 16) having a transverse opening through which passes a horizontally-sliding block 87 which is connected by a rod 88 with the end of the lever 71 in such manner that when said lever 71 is rocked as before explained the block 87 will be caused to move horizontally through the opening in the block 86. The lever 85 is provided with a spring 25 the tendency of which is to rock the lever so as to raise the block 86 whenever thelug 26 enters one of the recesses 27. When the lug 26 is raised out of one of the recesses 27 and rests upon the periphery of the disk the opposite end of the lever 85 is rocked away from the block 86 leaving the block free to descend by gravity. The blocks 86, 87 are provided with oppositely-arranged engaging teeth 10 (see Fig. 16) which are so arranged that when the block 86 is in its lowermost .position and the lever 7l is in its normal position the teeth will engage and hold the lever 71 in that position. The operation of this part of the apparatus is as follows:The shaft 57 being set in motion the disk 83 will be driven through its frictional connection with the disk 84 until one of the notches 27 arrivesv in position beneath thelug 26 of the lever when the spring 25 will rock the lever so as to cause the lug to enter the recess, and the frictional connection between the disks 83 84 is so adjusted that while it is sufficient to move the disk 83 when the lug 26 is resting upon the periphery of the disk it is not suflicient to overcome the resistance of the lug when the latter enters one of the recesses 27, and as a consequence when the lug 26 is in that position the disk 83 does not turn with the shaft 57. So long as the lug 26 remains in one of the recesses 27 thelever 85 Wlll be rocked so as to raise the block 86 and throw the teeth 10 out of engagement, thereby permitting the lever 71 to move f reely. When the cam 56 is clutched to the shaft 57 as beforeexplained so as to revolve with the shaft it will revolve independently of the disk 83 until the slot 28 is carried to such position that its rear end engages with the pin 29. The length of the slot 28 is such that by the time this takes place the cam 56 will have nearly completedaquarter revolution and the time will nearly have arrived for the unclutching of the cam from the shaft. As soon as the stud 29 engages with the rear end of the slot 28 the movement of the cam 56 will be communicated to the disk 83 and as a result the disk will be set in motion so as to raise the lug 26 out of the recess 27 by the cam actlon of the rear wall of the recess thereon and rock the lever 85 so as to permit the block 86 to descend by gravity. Immediately after this takes place the unclutching of the cam 56 Wlll take place, thereby rocking the lever 71 to the position shown in Figs. 4, 15 and 16 so as to iIlOVGlhG block 87 through the open-' ing in the block -86 and carry the tooth of the block 87 past thetooth of the block 86 as shown in Fig. 16 so that the two will engage and hold the lever 71temporarily in that pos tlon so as to prevent the spring 73 from acting -1mmediately to reclutch the cam to the shaftin case no book is present to hold the tripping lever 68. The block 86 being disconnected from the lever 85 will readily rise to allow the teeth 10 to pass each other. As.

soon as the unclutching of the cam 56 takes place the disk 83 will of course cease to be dr ven by the cam, butthe lug 26 having been raised out of the recess 27 the frictional connection between the disks 83, 8 1will be sufficient to drive the disk'83 until the next recess 27 arrives beneath the lug 26 when the lug will drop into the recess and thereby arrest the disk 83 and at the same time rock the lever 85 so as to raise the block 86 into position to release the block 87 and permit the lever 71 to be operated. This interval, however, will be sufficient to allow the attendant to see that the book is in proper position or to allow the book ifplaced upon the rack too far to the rearward to be advanced violently. The book having been advanced into the control of the first pair of feeding rolls 50 is then advanced by said rolls into the control of a second pair of feeding rolls 89, and then by the rolls 50, 89 it is advanced into the control of a third pair of feeding rolls 90, by which it is finally delivered from the machine. The rolls 50, 89, 90 are arranged vertically and are preferably composed of pulleys or disks which areadjustable upon their vertical shafts so as to bear upon thebook at the proper height and be made to conform to books of different widths. The disks are shown as arranged at the same' height, but it will frequently be found desirable to make the difiereut feeding rolls eugage the book on different lines, and my construction of feeding rolls composed of independent adjustable disks enables me to do this.

Forthe purpose of holding the books snugly down onto the binding strip there are provided one or more rolls 91 which bear upon the top edge of the book as it is passed between the vertical feeding rolls. The rolls 91 are vertically adjustable in brackets 92 in which they are supported and conform to books of different widths. The brackets92 are provided with plates next the book rack, which are curved outward to form guides cooperating with similar guides y carried by the bearing of roll 91 on the opposite side of the book to guide the latter and hold the leaves;

in place as the book is advanced.

The feeding rolls 50, 89, 90 are positively driven in the following manner: Theshafts of the rolls '90 are provided with pulleys 24 which are connected by bolts 93 with pulleys 9-1 which are rigidly secured together and are mounted loosely upon the main driving shaft 60 but are provided with a clutch mechanism which will be hereinafter explained by which they can beclutch-ed to said shaft. The rolls 89 are driven from the rolls 90 by means of sprocket chains 95 which pass around sprocket ing guides 23 (see Figs. 8, and 9) which are arranged to act upon the edges of the binding strip which project beyond the sides of the book and fold them upwardand press them against the'sides of the book as the book and strip are advanced by the feeding rolls as shown in Fig. 28. Located just beyond the folding guides 23 are a pair of inclined pressing and smoothing rolls 97 which revolve in the opposite direction from the feeding rolls and act to press and smooth the edges of the binding strip against the sides of the book after they have been turned upward by the curved folding guides. The pressing rolls 97 are positively driven by means of belts 98 which pass around pulleys 99 which are made integral ,with'or secured to the pulleys 94. The belts 98 pass over suitable guide pulleys 100 and around pulleys 101 upon the lower ends of the shafts of the rolls. The brackets 102 in which the vertical-feeding rolls 50, 89,90 are supported are 

